Lung Cancer treatment



Lungs are the parts of the human respiratory system and the main organs for breathing. Lung cancer is the uncontrolled growth of malignant tumours that affect both of the lungs. Cancer, when restricted to the lungs, is called primary lung cancer. It can spread to the other body parts such as the brain, adrenal glands, lymph nodes liver etc. sometimes cancer starts from the other parts of the body and spread to the lungs. It is called secondary or metastatic lung cancer.


Types of lung cancer:

  • Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, lung cell undifferentiated carcinoma.
  • Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC): Starts from the middle of the lungs and spread faster than NSCLC
  • Risk factors of lung cancer

  • Smoking, second-hand smoking (Breathing in other people’s smoke)
  • Exposure to asbestos
  • Exposure to other elements like contact with the processing of steel, nickel and coal gas
  • Exposure to radiations and air pollution
  • A family history
  • History of a lung disease
  • Older age
  • Signs and symptoms

  • Common early stage signs: Cough, Dyspnea, Hemoptysis, Wheezing, Weight loss, Chest pain, Loss of appetite
  • Advanced stage disease symptoms: Bone pain, spinal cord compression, hepatic dysfunction

  • Diagnosis:

  • Chest radiography
  • Sputum cytology
  • Spiral computed tomography

  • Treatment:

  • Surgery: Surgery provides the best chance for cure in a patient with stage I and stage II cancer.
  • Radiation therapy: Can be the alternative of surgery in a patient with stage I and stage II cancer.
  • Chemotherapy: Preferable method for stage III and IV tumour. The combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy is also an alternative.
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